Limited Dispersion
If the distance between injector and detector is minimized, the injection of a large sample volume (more than 3 S1/2 values) will produce an almost square peak that will have a horizontal “steady state” section with Cmax concentration situated at its top. (Chapter 0, Section 0.3.2)

Flow systems with limited dispersion are
suitable for:

  • pH and conductivity measurements
  • sample injection in ICP and AA assays
  • bead injection-based assays
  • functional receptor binding assays on live cell for drug discovery
  • flow-based titrations

1.2.7.
Note that reagent-based assays in single stream FI systems and in SI systems will fail if D -> 1, due to the lack of reagents within the sample zone. (1.2.9)

or time